What difference could there be in the work of a psychiatrist and a psychotherapist?

The difference between a psychiatrist and a psychotherapist can be confusing to the layperson because both professions focus on mental health. However, they have different roles, qualifications and approaches to treatment.

Psychiatrist - A physician specializing in mental health

A psychiatrist is a physician (M.D.) who, after completing basic medical training, receives further specialization in psychiatry.

What a psychiatrist does:

• Diagnoses and treats mental disorders such as depression, anxiety disorders, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and more. In addition, he or she is authorized to prescribe medications, such as antidepressants, anxiolytics, antipsychotics, or mood stabilizers, and to provide other medical services (e.g., recommend hospitalization, issue incapacity, collaborate with other physicians).

• If the psychiatrist is appropriately qualified, he or she is also allowed to conduct psychotherapy sessions, but nevertheless his or her main role is more often medication and diagnosis.

Psychiatrists' main approach to treatment:

• Focuses on the biological, neurological and chemical aspects of mental disorders.

• In addition to medication, he or she may provide basic psychological support or recommend an appropriate psychotherapist.

• In some cases (such as in severe conditions) psychiatric treatment is necessary and psychotherapy is only a supportive element.

Psychotherapist - Psychological Treatment Specialist

A psychotherapist does not necessarily have to be a medically trained professional (but can be). He or she is a specialist in psychology, social work, education or other humanities. To become a certified psychotherapist, he or she must complete special accredited psychotherapy training.

What a psychotherapist does:

• Helps people manage mental health issues such as depression, anxiety, trauma, interpersonal problems, stress and more.

• Focuses on psychological techniques and therapeutic methods (e.g., cognitive-behavioral therapy, psychodynamic therapy, gestalt therapy, and more).

• Psychotherapy is often a long-term process where the therapist and client work to change patterns of thinking, behavior, and emotions.

Psychotherapists' main approach to treatment:

• The psychotherapist works with the client's emotional and psychological problems but does not prescribe medication.

• He or she helps clients understand their feelings and behaviors and teaches them new skills to better cope with stress and life's challenges.

Key differences between a psychiatrist and a psychotherapist:

When to see a mental health specialist?

If you feel you have been struggling with mental health problems for a longer period of time or if you are unsure whether to see a psychiatrist or a psychotherapist, it is often a good idea to start with a psychotherapist instead. If it turns out that you need medication, the psychotherapist can then refer you to an appropriate psychiatrist. You should definitely consider seeing a specialist if your mental health has been under strain for a long time and you feel that your condition is affecting you or your relationship with those around you.

For example, the fact that you are subjectively suffering from rather minor psychological problems such as stress, mild depression or problems in personal relationships may serve as an initial indicator to see a qualified psychotherapist.

On the other hand, if you feel that you have a serious mental disorder, such as severe or prolonged depression, crippling anxiety disorders or even schizophrenia, the best course of action is to consult and then be treated by a psychiatrist, as it is possible that your condition may require specialised medication.

We have prepared some examples from our practice:

• Example 1: A client suffers from long-term sadness and anxiety but manages normal daily responsibilities. He begins seeing a psychotherapist to help him recognize and change negative thought patterns.

• Example 2: The client is severely depressed, cannot get out of bed, and has suicidal thoughts. In this case, a visit to a psychiatrist, medication and possibly follow-up psychotherapy is necessary.

• Example 3: A child is having difficulties at school and in the family, the parents see a family therapist. If there are signs of a serious disorder (e.g., psychosis), the therapist recommends an evaluation by a child psychiatrist.

So, in summary, a psychiatrist is a doctor who diagnoses and treats mental disorders, often with medication, and sometimes provides psychotherapy. A psychotherapist is a specialist in psychological treatment using various therapeutic methods, but does not prescribe medication. In many cases, collaboration between the two professionals is appropriate.

If you are not sure where to turn, start with a psychotherapist or GP who can recommend a course of action. In any case, seeking professional help early is the key to successful treatment and improved quality of life.